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Visual Guides/Descriptive Statistics
Statistics

Descriptive Statistics: Center, Spread & Shape

What is the “typical” salary? How spread out are salaries? Are there outliers? Drag data points on a number line and watch key statistics update instantly.

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Salary Distribution

20 employees — drag any dot left or right to change its salary

020406080100120140160Salary ($k)μM
Mean (μ)
Median (M)
Drag to move

Live Statistics

Measures of Center

Mean (μ)$54.9k
Σx / n

Sum divided by count. Sensitive to outliers: one extreme salary pulls it far.

Median (M)$49.0k
middle value

The middle value when sorted. Robust to outliers: great for skewed data.

ModeNone (all unique)
most frequent

Most frequently occurring value. Useful for categorical or repeated values.

Measures of Spread

Range$125.0k
max − min

Simplest spread measure. Heavily affected by a single outlier at either extreme.

Variance (σ², population)783
Σ(x − μ)² / n

Average squared distance from the mean, treating these 20 values as the whole population. For a sample you would divide by n − 1 (Bessel's correction) and write s².

Std Dev (σ)$28.0k
√(σ²)

Square root of variance. Same units as data. Hover to see distances on chart.

IQR$24.0k
Q3 − Q1

Middle 50% range. Q1=$37.3k, Q3=$61.3k. Robust to outliers.

← Math for StatisticsNext: Percentiles & Box Plots →